Coral Reefs: PTE Summarize Written Text Question with Sample Answers - Page 3

Your task

Read the passage below, then summarize it in one sentence of 5 to 75 words.

“Coral reefs, often referred to as the "rainforests of the sea," are among the most diverse and valuable ecosystems on Earth. They support over 25% of marine species despite covering less than 1% of the ocean floor. These vibrant underwater structures are formed by colonies of tiny animals called coral polyps, which build calcium carbonate skeletons that accumulate over centuries. Beyond their ecological importance, coral reefs provide coastal protection from storms, support fisheries, and contribute significantly to tourism and the global economy. However, these ecosystems are under severe threat due to human activities. Climate change, particularly ocean warming and acidification, has led to widespread coral bleaching, where corals expel the algae that give them color and nutrients. Pollution, overfishing, and destructive practices such as dynamite fishing further exacerbate their decline. Conservationists and scientists worldwide are developing strategies to protect and restore coral reefs, including marine protected areas, coral gardening, and breeding heat-resistant coral species. Despite these efforts, recovery is slow, and time is of the essence. The survival of coral reefs depends not only on localized conservation actions but also on global commitments to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate climate change. Public awareness and international cooperation are crucial to preserving these ecosystems for future generations.”