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Saving Bugs to Find New Drugs Reading Answers: IELTS Reading Practice Test

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Updated on Jul 02, 2024, 11:57

You must read the passage carefully and answer questions based on the information provided. This practice test is a great way to prepare for the IELTS reading test and improve your ability to understand academic texts.
 

The IELTS Academic Reading test assesses your reading comprehension skills in an academic context. You will be given three passages to read from books, journals, magazines, and newspapers.


 

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1. Saving Bugs to Find New Drugs Reading Passage

You should spend approximately 20 minutes answering Questions 1 - 13 based on the Reading Passage below.

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2. Saving Bugs to Find New Drugs Reading Question & Answers

Discover exciting and informative IELTS reading answers about Saving Bugs to Find New Drugs.

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1.

Saving Bugs to Find New Drugs Reading Passage

General Information

  • Read Instructions: Understand each question before answering.
  • Manage Time: Spend about 20 minutes per passage.
  • Skim and Scan: Quickly get the main idea and find specific information.
  • Highlight Key Info: Underline essential words or phrases.
  • Answer All Questions: Attempt every question; no penalty for wrong answers.
  • Stay Focused: Avoid distractions and keep your attention on the task.
  • Check Spelling: Ensure correct spelling and grammar.
  • Transfer Answers Clearly: Write answers neatly on the answer sheet.
  • Don’t Dwell: Move on if stuck and return later.
  • Review: If time allows, review your answers.

 

 

 

 

 

Saving Bugs to Find New Drugs Reading Passage

 


 

  1. Medicines increasingly draw inspiration from or are generated from components present in living organisms, despite widespread perception to the contrary. The practice of using natural remedies to treat sickness is nothing new; it dates back at least tens of thousands of years. Looking at other primates, such as capuchin monkeys who rub themselves with poisonous millipedes to ward off mosquitoes and chimpanzees who use poisonous forest plants to rid themselves of intestinal parasites, we can infer that our ancient ancestors probably also had a basic understanding of medicine.
     
  2. These historical foundations were utilised by pharmaceutical science and chemistry to perfect the extraction, characterisation, modification, and testing of these natural chemicals. Subsequently, modern pharmaceutical research switched its focus from nature to the laboratory, developing chemical compounds from scratch. Despite the fact that nature contains several promising chemical compounds, it is difficult to discover them. Obtaining enough of the target organism, isolating and characterising the target chemicals, and producing enormous quantities of these substances are significant obstacles.
     
  3. Different levels of success have been found with drug discovery in the lab, which has led to the creation of new approaches that focus once again on natural products. These new methods have resulted in an increase in the number of available drugs. It is abundantly obvious that we have not even begun to scratch the surface of nature's molecular variety despite the fact that we are now able to explore genomes for valuable molecules. This realisation, combined with certain impending health concerns such as antibiotic resistance, has put bioprospecting, which is the search for valuable substances in nature, back on the map. Bioprospecting is also known as pharmacognosy.
     
  4. Insects, the undisputed kings of the world, occupy every available inch. Because of the myriad ways in which they interact with other organisms, a large range of incredibly fascinating chemicals have developed for both protective and offensive functions. More varieties than all other animal groupings combined may be found in them. Despite being by far the most diverse group of living things, insects have yet to fully fulfil their promise as sources of pharmaceutical compounds. The few insects that have been studied so far contain a wide range of fascinating compounds. For instance, South Korea and Russia both employ alloferon, an antibacterial compound produced by blowfly larvae. It is used to fight infections and cancers. The strong antibacterial compounds that the larvae of a few distinct insect species create are the subject of research. A chemical made from the venom of the Polybia Paulista wasp can be used to cure cancer.
     
  5. The insect kingdom has been mostly ignored by bioprospectors, but why? To begin, there is such a wide variety of insects that it would be impossible to examine them all without a methodical approach. Second, the glands that exude potentially useful compounds from insects are often quite small. This might make it difficult to get sufficient quantities of the substance for additional testing. Finally, while people tend to think of insects in general, there are actually very few species that are as widespread as the ones we think of. We might not have enough to work with because many bug species are rare and difficult to breed in captivity.
     
  6. In order to focus our efforts, my colleagues and I at Aberystwyth University in the UK have established a strategy using our understanding of ecology as a guide. We are particularly interested in the numerous insects that release potent poison to subdue prey and preserve it for later eating. Even more, insects are experts at utilizing dirty habitats, like feces and corpses, where they are sometimes hampered by tens of thousands of microorganisms. There is undoubtedly potential to discover several substances that can act as or serve as the inspiration for antibiotics, given that these insects have a variety of antimicrobial properties for dealing with dangerous bacteria and fungi.
     
  7. Despite pointing us on the proper path, natural history knowledge cannot resolve the issues related to harvesting valuable chemicals from insects. Thankfully, it is now feasible to remove the DNA segments from the insects that contain the instructions for the intriguing substances and introduce them into cell lines that enable higher production rates. The fact that there are so many successful animal-derived pharmaceuticals on the market also suggests there is a precedent in this area that is worth investigating, even though the path from isolating and characterisation of compounds with desirable properties to developing a commercial product is very long and fraught with pitfalls. We deprive ourselves of possible cures with every piece of the wildness that vanishes.
     
  8. The fundamental reason I approach insects in this way is conservation, even though it would be a dream come true to make a contribution to the development of a revolutionary cure that is derived from insects. I believe without a doubt that every species, regardless of how big they are or how important they are, has the right to exist for the sake of being. I believe that we have the ability to change people's perspectives on the value of nature if we are able to shed light on the darker corners of nature's drugstore and explore the helpful chemistry of the most diverse species on the earth. If we are able to do this, then people will see that nature is valuable.
2.

Saving Bugs to Find New Drugs Reading Question and Answers

Discover exciting and informative IELTS reading answers about Saving Bugs to Find New Drugs.

Questions and Answers 1-7
  • Reading Passage 1 has nine paragraphs, A-H
  • Which paragraph contains the following information?
  • Write the correct A-H letter in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

 

1. Mention key causes behind the resurgence of interest in herbal medicines.

 

2. How recent developments in technology have made the study of insects more straightforward.
 

3. Animals that derive their medicine from natural sources include the following.
 

4. Reasons why using insects in pharmacological research is difficult.
 

5. An allusion to the ways in which an interest in pharmacological development might be beneficial to nature.

 

6. One of the reasons why medications derived from nature went out of favor for a while.
 

7. A current illustration of an insect-derived medication.

 

Saving Bugs to Find New Drugs Reading Answers with Explanations (1 - 7)

 

Type of question: Locating Information

 

Locating Information is a common question type in the IELTS Academic Reading test. Candidates are asked to identify the specific details or facts of that passage during these questions.
 

How to best answer the question
 

  • Determine the question and identify the keywords or phrases that indicate the information you need to find.
  • To locate the relevant section, simply scan the passage. To find the information effectively, focus on headings, subheadings or keywords.
  • You should be aware that the question's wording may differ from the text. Look for synonyms or paraphrased versions of the keywords.

 

1. C

 

Reference:

 

From paragraph C: ‘This realisation, combined with certain impending health concerns such as antibiotic resistance, has put bioprospecting, which is the search for valuable substances in nature, back on the map.’
 

Explanation

It's interesting to note that bioprospecting, which involves the search for valuable substances in nature, has regained popularity due to the realisation that we have not even begun to scratch the surface of nature's molecular variety. In addition, the increasing health concerns related to antibiotic resistance have also contributed to the renewed interest in bioprospecting.


 

2. G

 

Reference:

 

From paragraph G: ‘ Thankfully, it is now feasible to remove the DNA segments from the insects that contain the instructions for the intriguing substances and introduce them into cell lines that enable higher production rates.’
 

Explanation

It is exciting to know that it is now possible to extract the DNA segments from insects that contain the instructions for the fascinating substances and introduce them into cell lines that allow for higher production rates. This advancement makes obtaining sufficient quantities of these substances easier for further research and development.


 

3. A

 

Reference:

 

From paragraph A: ‘Looking at other primates, such as capuchin monkeys who rub themselves with poisonous millipedes to ward off mosquitoes and chimpanzees who use poisonous forest plants to rid themselves of intestinal parasites, we can infer that our ancient ancestors probably also had a basic understanding of medicine.’
 

Explanation

Interestingly, other primates, such as capuchin monkeys, have been known to rub themselves with poisonous millipedes to ward off mosquitoes. Similarly, chimpanzees use poisonous forest plants to rid themselves of intestinal parasites. These observations suggest that our ancient ancestors likely had a basic understanding of medicine and the use of natural remedies to treat sickness.


 

4. E

 

Reference:

 

From paragraph E: ‘The insect kingdom has been mostly ignored by bioprospectors, but why?’
 

Explanation

The insect kingdom has been ignored by bioprospectors due to the vast number of insect species, making it challenging to examine them all without a systematic approach. The glands that excrete potentially useful compounds from insects are often quite small, making it difficult to obtain sufficient substances for further research and development. 


 

5. H

 

Reference:

 

From paragraph H: ‘I believe without a doubt that every species, regardless of how big they are or how important they are, has the right to exist for the sake of being.’

 

Explanation

I completely agree with you. Every species deserves to exist and thrive in its unique way. We must recognise nature's value and all its resources, including the potential for valuable pharmaceutical compounds in insect species. Shedding light on the importance of these creatures can help change people's perspectives and lead to a greater appreciation for the natural world.


 

6. B

 

Reference:

 

From paragraph B: ‘Subsequently, modern pharmaceutical research switched its focus from nature to the laboratory, developing chemical compounds from scratch.’
 

Explanation

With the rise of modern pharmaceutical research, the emphasis shifted from natural sources to laboratories, where scientists developed chemical compounds from scratch. While this approach has led to some medical breakthroughs, it's important to continue exploring the potential of natural sources, including insects, as they may hold valuable compounds that could benefit human health.


 

7. D

 

Reference:

 

From paragraph D: ‘For instance, South Korea and Russia both employ alloferon, an antibacterial compound produced by blowfly larvae.’
 

Explanation

Alloferon is an antibacterial compound produced by blowfly larvae, utilised by South Korea and Russia to fight infections and cancers. This is just one example of how insects can provide valuable resources for pharmaceutical research and highlights the potential benefits of exploring the natural world for medical advancements.

Questions and Answers 8-9
  • Choose TWO letters, A-E
  • Write the correct letters in boxes 8 and 9 on your answer sheet.

 

Which TWO of the following make insects interesting for drug research?
 

  1. Possibility of obtaining and using insect genetic material
  2. The size of most insects which is manageable
  3. The staggering diversity of the world's insect population
  4. The parallels that may be drawn between the many kinds of insects
  5. Insects has created a wide range of compounds to defend themselves.


 

Saving Bugs to Find New Drugs Reading Answers with Explanations (8 - 9)

 

Type of questions: Multiple Choice Questions (one answer)
 

This is the typical MCQ type. You just need to select one answer out of the 4 options.

 

How to best answer the questions 

 

  • Skim through the questions and identify the keywords
  • Use the elimination method and recognise options that include inaccurate or false information as per the given passage 
  • Match each option with the passage and choose an answer most accurately supported by the information in the passage. 
  • Cross-check your answers and finalise them.

 

8. E

 

Reference:

 

From paragraph F: ‘We are particularly interested in the numerous insects that release potent poison to subdue prey and preserve it for later eating.’
 

Explanation

I agree that insects have unique abilities to release potent poison to subdue prey and preserve it for later eating. Additionally, they have developed remarkable adaptations to survive in dirty environments. Considering the potential for bioprospecting and discovering new pharmaceutical compounds from these creatures is fascinating.


 

9. A

 

Reference:

 

From paragraph G: ‘Thankfully, it is now feasible to remove the DNA segments from the insects that contain the instructions for the intriguing substances and introduce them into cell lines that enable higher production rates.’
 

Explanation

With advances in biotechnology, it has become possible to extract DNA segments from insects that contain the instructions for intriguing substances. These segments can then be introduced into cell lines, allowing higher production rates of the desired compounds. This process has the potential to greatly increase our ability to discover and develop new drugs from natural sources.

Questions and Answers 10-13
  • Complete the summary below.
  • Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
  • Write your answers in boxes 10-13 on your answer sheet.

 

Research at Aberystwyth University
 

Ross Piper and other zoologists at Aberystwyth University are doing bioprospecting with insects while utilising their expertise in 10.______. The chemicals that insects create to suffocate and preserve their 11.______ are of particular interest to them. They are especially fascinated by the substances that insects deploy as defences against hazardous bacteria and fungi that live in their 12.______. Piper expects that these materials will be helpful in the creation of pharmaceuticals like 13.______.

 

Saving Bugs to Find New Drugs Reading Answers with Explanations (10 - 13)


 

Type of question: Summary Completion (selecting from a list of words or phrases)
 

Under this question type, you will receive a summary paragraph with missing information. You will also be given a set of possible answers. You must select the right word from the given words or phrases. 

 

How to best answer the questions
 

  • Go through the summary, focusing on the missing information
  • Identify keywords that can help you find answers
  • Use a method of elimination while going through the list of words/phrases 
  • Review and finalise your answers
     
10. Ecology

 

Reference:

 

From paragraph F: ‘In order to focus our efforts, my colleagues and I at Aberystwyth University in the UK have established a strategy using our understanding of ecology as a guide.’
 

Explanation

Yes, it's fascinating to consider the various insects that release potent poison to subdue prey and preserve it for later consumption. Many of these insects have evolved unique adaptations to survive in their environments, and the compounds they produce could have potential applications in medicine. It's exciting to think about the possibilities for bioprospecting and discovering new pharmaceutical compounds from these creatures.


 

11. Prey

 

Reference:

 

From paragraph F: ‘We are particularly interested in the numerous insects that release potent poison to subdue prey and preserve it for later eating.’
 

Explanation

Insects that release potent poison to subdue prey and preserve it for later consumption are particularly interesting, as they have developed unique adaptations to survive in various environments. The compounds they produce could have potential medical applications, making them a promising area for bioprospecting and discovering new pharmaceutical compounds.


 

12. Habitats

 

Reference:

 

From paragraph F: ‘Even more, insects are experts at utilising dirty habitats, like feces and corpses, where they are sometimes hampered by tens of thousands of microorganisms.’
 

Explanation

Insects have unique adaptations to survive in dirty habitats, such as faeces and corpses, where they face various challenges from microorganisms. Considering the potential for bioprospecting and discovering new pharmaceutical compounds from these creatures is fascinating, given their abilities to survive and thrive in such challenging conditions.


 

13. Antibiotics

 

Reference:

 

From paragraph F: ‘There is undoubtedly potential to discover several substances that can act as or serve as the inspiration for antibiotics, given that these insects have a variety of antimicrobial properties for dealing with dangerous bacteria and fungi.’
 

Explanation

Insects have a variety of antimicrobial properties that allow them to deal with dangerous bacteria and fungi. As a result, there is great potential for discovering substances that can act as antibiotics or inspire new antibiotics. Bioprospecting and studying these unique properties of insects can lead to developing new medicines to combat antibiotic resistance and other health concerns.

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FAQs

Q. What is the importance of the IELTS Reading Test?

A. The reading portion of the IELTS exam is one of the most essential sections. Your ability to understand written texts, including their key concepts and supporting information, will be evaluated during the course. It assesses your cognitive ability to find out how well you understand what you read and how well you can locate crucial information in various written forms, like advertisements, emails, and articles.

Q. How many sections does the IELTS Reading test have in total?

A. The IELTS Reading test consists of three sections, each with a distinct writing assignment. The reading from sections one through three introduces you to a more significant number of technical vocabulary. Quickly review the questions to get a sense of what to expect. You can read more quickly and effectively using this. It will help you improve your overall performance and band score.

Q. How long does it take to finish the reading portion of the IELTS exam?

A. It takes one hour to complete the reading portion of the IELTS exam. It takes roughly twenty minutes to finish each section, which consists of thirteen to fifteen questions. This passage’s headings and subheadings require careful consideration. They might provide advice to assist you in selecting the structure and content.

Q. Can I write directly on the paper when taking the IELTS Reading test?

A. Since you can write directly on the test questions, there is no problem. You can write down, highlight, or circle the items appropriately to respond to the questions. Rereading the text will help you understand any terms that are unclear to you. It is provided to assist you in understanding the main idea.

Q. If you give incorrect answers in the Reading portion of the IELTS, would you lose points?

A. Giving fictitious answers on the IELTS reading test won’t hurt you. Try to answer rather than leave it blank because there’s a chance you could guess accurately. You will receive extra points for providing an accurate response. Concentrate on one question at a time to do well in the test. Put the matter off for now and return to it later.

Q. Can I use a pencil instead of a pen for the IELTS Reading test?

A. You can use a pencil or a pen to finish the IELTS reading portion. Using a pencil whenever necessary is the most effective technique to complete activities like matching data or filling in the gaps. They also utilise different terminology from what is used in the text. Looking for altered sentences or phrases that still make sense is essential.

Q. Will all of the readings you do for the reading portion of the IELTS transfer to college courses?

A. Contrary to popular belief, the IELTS Reading test measures more than general knowledge. You must also read news articles, magazine or book extracts, and scientific materials to pique public interest further. You must read and write about various topics to receive high marks. Using these talents can improve your proficiency and advance more quickly.

Q. I would like to sit for the IELTS reading exam. Can I review the materials once more?

A. You can review the material you have reread as you respond to the IELTS Reading test questions. The questions and answers will be provided promptly to ensure you get the required answers for each query. If you are unsure about the answers, you should circle the ones you know are incorrect. You have a better chance of selecting the appropriate option.

Q. I’m taking the IELTS reading test; must I read the passage to pass?

A. If you are rushed, it will take some time to read the entire chapter. You can swiftly go through the book and get the necessary knowledge to answer the questions by concentrating on what you need to know and skimming them. It is an excellent method for quickly finishing the passage. Take note of the details as you read it. To get the correct response, focus more intently on critical questions.

Q. To prepare for the IELTS Reading test, I would like to read. I want to read, but can I take notes?

A. You can take notes while reading this section of the IELTS Reading test. You can use these notes to assist you in remembering crucial information, an argument’s essential points, or anything else that will help you react expertly. It is imperative to remember that the word count at your disposal for your comments is just as important. That is all needed if the question only requires one word to be answered.

Q. What guidelines should I adhere to when responding to questions on language use on the IELTS Reading test?

A. You can respond in your own words to questions in the reading section of the IELTS exam. But it’s imperative that your response precisely matches the information in the text. The item might be changed and clarified to demonstrate your understanding of it. As you practise taking the test, your performance will improve. You might become more accustomed to the various question types by taking practice examinations.