In what ways do OPT and CPT differ for me as an F-1 student in the US?
CPT (Curricular Practical Training) is work tied directly to your major, such as internships or co-ops, and should be completed before graduation. OPT can be done before or after graduation and is not tied to a specific employer. Full-time CPT for 12 months can cost you OPT eligibility.
CPT and OPT both let F-1 students gain practical experience in the US, but they differ in timing and the type of work. CPT is linked directly to your major, while OPT is not employer-specific. Confirm rules with your school's international office.
CPT and OPT Compared
| Feature | CPT | OPT |
|---|---|---|
| Timing | Should be completed before graduation | Can be done before or after graduation |
| Type of work | Paid or unpaid internships, cooperative education or practicum tied to your major | Enables work and is not limited to internships or co-ops |
| Employer | Only specific employers take part | Not specific to an employer |
| Course credit | If your major requires CPT, you typically earn course credit for it | Not required |
| Hours | Part-time (up to 20 hours a week) or full-time (20 hours or more a week) | Work is allowed without internship or co-op conditions |
Watch-Outs
- CPT is considered part of your primary curriculum.
- If you work full-time for 12 months in CPT, you will miss OPT eligibility.
- Check the official school and immigration pages for the latest rules.
My Advice
Talk to your school's international student office before you accept any work, since it must authorize CPT. Plan CPT and OPT together so that full-time CPT does not cost you your OPT eligibility. Rules change, so verify them on the official pages.
Will you actually get a job after your US master's?
Talk to a counsellor about real outcomes, salaries and which courses employers hire from.
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