How much does education cost in European countries like Germany, Italy, or France, especially in public universities in Europe for a PhD?

Education at public universities in Europe is generally affordable, but costs vary by country and program. Here’s a typical breakdown (subject to change):

- Germany: No tuition fees at most public universities; only a semester contribution of €150 - €350/semester for all students.
- Italy: Fees depend on family income; most international students pay €1,000 - €4,000/year.
- France: For non-EU students, typical public university fees are €2,895/year (bachelor’s), €3,941/year (master’s), and €397/year (PhD).

These figures do not include living expenses, health insurance, or other student fees, which you should also plan for. If you need a detailed estimate for your target country or program, connect with your LeapScholar counsellor.