Do I need IELTS or TOEFL for a Master's in Ireland, UK, USA, or Canada?

You have more flexibility across these four countries than the question suggests, since IELTS and TOEFL are the gold standards but rarely the only route in. What actually varies is how strict the waiver rules are and which alternative tests each country's immigration side will accept.

Country by Country English Test Rules

When You Might Skip the Test Entirely

• You hold citizenship of a recognised English speaking country such as the USA, UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand or Ireland.
• Your previous degree was taught and examined entirely in English at an institution in a country where English is an official language.
• Remember that university admission and country visa rules are separate, so a university waiver does not automatically satisfy the immigration department.

My Advice

Check the exact admissions page for each of your shortlisted universities before assuming a waiver applies, and if you are targeting Canada specifically, confirm whether your visa route falls under the SDS stream, since that changes which English test the immigration office will actually accept.