How does the post-study work permit and permanent residency process work in European countries after masters in UK/Ireland for a Master's?
Most European countries offer post-study work permits (PSW) for master's graduates, which can lead to permanent residency. Key details for popular destinations:
- Germany: 18-month PSW (Job Seeker Visa) after graduation. Can transition to a work permit or EU Blue Card. Permanent residency possible after 21 - 33 months of employment, depending on language skills.
- France: 12-month PSW (APS) to find a job or start a business. After employment, switch to a work permit. Permanent residency possible after 5 years.
- Netherlands: 1-year Orientation Year visa to find skilled work. After employment, switch to a Highly Skilled Migrant permit. Permanent residency after 5 years.
- UK: 2-year Graduate Route PSW. After employment, switch to a Skilled Worker visa. Permanent residency after 5 years.
- Ireland: Up to 2-year PSW, then Critical Skills or General Employment Permit. Permanent residency after 5 years.
- Portugal: Years spent on a student visa count toward the 5-year permanent residency requirement.
Requirements like job offers, salary, and application steps vary by country and are subject to change.
If you need help comparing options or understanding the latest rules, connect with your LeapScholar counsellor.
More expert answers
Yes, you can apply for permanent residency (PR) in Europe after studying there, but the process and timeline depend on the country.
- Germany: After graduation, you can get an 18-month job-seeker visa. With employment and the EU Blue Card, you may apply for PR after 21 months (otherwise, typically 5 years of legal residence).
- Netherlands: Graduates can apply for a 1-year orientation year permit to find work. PR is usually possible after 5 years of continuous legal residence, including study time.
- Portugal: All years on a student permit count toward the 5-year PR requirement, but you must switch to a work or other qualifying permit after graduation.
- Ireland: Master's graduates can work for up to 24 months post-study. PR is generally available after 5 years of legal residence, often via work permits.
- France: After study, you can get a temporary permit to seek work. PR is typically possible after 5 years of legal residence, including study.
Requirements and policies are subject to change. For next steps, connect with your LeapScholar counsellor for country-specific guidance.
How long can you stay and work after an Irish master's?
Post-study work rules are changing. Know what you will actually get.
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