Is it mandatory to appear for IELTS for Ireland and UK admissions, and can I apply without IELTS if I have more than 65% in 12th English or a medium of instruction letter?

You may not need IELTS for some universities in the UK and Ireland if you have strong 12th-grade English marks or a medium of instruction letter, but policies vary by institution. Check the specific requirements of each university you’re interested in and contact their admissions office directly to confirm if your documents are acceptable before applying. This will help ensure a smooth application process.