What is the full form of TCP/IP?

The full form of TCP/IP is Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. The rules and procedures that govern online computer communication are known as a protocol. Although TCP/IP is commonly referred to as the Internet Protocol Suite, it is actually one of its essential protocols. It was founded in 1978 by Bob Kahn and Vint Cerf.

TCP/IP is a widely used protocol for information transmission over networks.

• In layman’s words, internet-based communication protocols connect network devices or are employed to connect network systems.
• It decides how the information will be shared across the internet through end-to-end interactions, including how information should be organised into information bundles, addressed, received, and transferred to the target.
• The communication protocol might also connect private network components like extranets and intranets.

As the name suggests, it consists of the Transmission Control Protocol and the Internet Protocol.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

Applications can create channels of communication over a network thanks to TCP. A text may also be divided into several packets before being transferred across a network, and these packets may subsequently be properly ordered at the destination network. As a result, it guarantees the accurate transmission of information via the network. Additionally, it checks for packet defects and requests retransmission if any are discovered.

IP(Internet Protocol)

The IP address provides information about the path and path for the packets to arrive at the correct endpoint. It has a method that enables gateway computers on the internet-connected network to forward the text after checking the IPS address. It resembles an arrangement of employees transferring coal from a mine to a mining cart.

Layers of the TCP / IP Model

TCP/IP, a common layered protocol suite made up of several rules and procedures, is separated into four levels based on how it functions. There is a specific protocol for each layer.

Application layer 

The application layer finds all the protocols required to speak with end users directly.

Key protocols of application layers are

1. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
2. File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
3. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
4. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

Transport layer

The transport layer guarantees the right message or information delivery in the right sequence. The transport layer utilises the key protocols that are:

1. UDP(User Datagram Protocol)
2. TCP

Network access layer

It provides functionality for constructing and managing data packets.

Internet layer

It conducts two primary functions: IP (Internet Protocol) routing & addressing. It indicates how to deliver the packet to its destination.