The full form of MHD is Magneto Hydrodynamics. MHD studies the magnetic features and properties of electrically conducting fluid. These magnetic properties-fluids can be found in liquid metals, plasmas, seawater, and electrolytes.
The words magneto, which means a magnetic field; hydro, which means water; and motion, which simply means dynamics, make up the term magneto-hydro-dynamics. Hannes Alfvén founded the MHD field, for which he was awarded the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics.
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Qualities of MHD
- The underlying principle of MHD is that magnetic fields in a moving conductive fluid may generate currents, which polarise the fluid and reciprocally change the magnetic field.
- The mathematical equation that describes MHD is a combination of the fluid dynamics Navier-Stokes equations and the electro-magnetism equations of Maxwell.
- Such equations must be resolved simultaneously in both numerical and analytical issues.