What is the full form of LASER?

The full form of LASER is Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. LASER is a sort of electromagnetic machine that emits light in the form of Electromagnetic Radiation. These lights are both coherent and faint. They are created using a process known as optical amplification.

History of LASER

Albert Einstein was the first to mention the LASER process. Theodore H. Maiman, on the other hand, completed the system in 1960. The LASER was principally inspired by the ideas of Charles Hard Townes and Arthur Leonard Schawlow.

LASER Working Principle

A simple laser is made up of a chamber known as the cavity, which is designed to reflect waves of visible, infrared, or ultraviolet light to reinforce one another. The cavity may contain liquids, solids, or gases. The output wavelength is determined by the material used in the cavity. At either end of the cavity, there are mirrors. One of the mirrors is completely reflective, so no light can flow through it. The other mirror is somewhat reflecting, allowing 5% of the light to flow through. Pumping is the process through which energy is injected into the cavity from an external source.

The waves are reflected back and forth between the mirrors. The length of the cavity is such that reflected waves reinforce each other. The electromagnetic waves emerge in sync at the cavity’s end, thanks to a partially reflected mirror. A coherent electric field is produced by the laser. In a coherent beam of electromagnetic radiation, both waves have the same phase and frequency.

LASER Types

The following is a list of LASER kinds based on wavelengths and applications.

• Gas LASER
• Semiconductor LASER
• Chemical LASER
• Liquid or Dye LASER
• Excimer LASER

Properties of LASER

We may divide laser beam characteristics into four major categories, such as

• Superior Coherence
• Superior Monochromatism
• High Output
• Superior Directivity

They exploit these laser qualities in a variety of sectors, including optical communication and protection.

Applications of LASER

• Lasers are utilised in DVD players, CD players, and barcode scanners.
• Lasers are utilised in a variety of devices, including drilling, cutting, surface treatment, welding, and soldering tools.
• Lasers are utilised in a variety of medical devices, including dental treatment devices and aesthetic treatment equipment.
• Lasers are employed in laser printing machines.
• LASER is utilised in military equipment (anti-missile defence systems) and is an essential component of Nuclear Fusion Reactors.

Advantages of LASER

• Because of its huge ability to support information, it is employed for information transmission in the field of communication.
• Because laser radiation is devoid of electromagnetic interference, this technique is used in wireless communication systems via free space for both telephony and computer networking.
• Laser radiation causes extremely minimal signal leakage.
• Laser-based fibre optic wires are utilised in fibre optic systems because they are lightweight.
• Lasers are extensively utilised in the medical field for cancer diagnosis because they are less damaging than X-rays. They are used to burn tiny tumours on the surface of the eye and the tissue.

Disadvantages of LASER

• Lasers are expensive. Thus, patients who want laser-based therapy choices must spend a lot of money.
• Lasers are costly to maintain, resulting in hefty expenses for doctors and hospital managers.
• Based on laser equipment, lasers increase convolution and treatment time.