The full form of LED is Light Emitting Diode. A PN-junction diode makes up the LED which emits light as an electric current flows through it in the forward direction. In the LED, the charge carrier is reconfigured. Heat and light are produced as byproducts of energy by combining the P-side hole and N-side electron. The LED is a colourless semiconductor material, and the diode junction emits light. When LEDs are biassed forward, coloured light will be released at a specific spectral wavelength depending on the semiconductor material employed and the doping amount.
Working Theory
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Type P semiconductors with more silicon than holes and a type N semiconductor with a higher concentration of electrons are combined to create light-emitting diodes, which are semiconductor light sources. When the P-N junction receives the appropriate forward voltage, the electrons and holes combine again and release energy in the form of light.
Types of LED
The following is a list of the various LED varieties that have been created utilising semiconductors:
- Miniature LEDs
- Lighting LED
- Red, Green Blue LEDs
- Flash LED
- High-Power LEDs
- Alphanumeric LED
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LED Applications
LEDs are employed in various industries, such as robotics, remote-controlled operations, optical communications, security systems, and warning systems. It is used in many of these fields because of its long-lasting capacity, low power requirements, quick response time, and rapid switching capabilities.
- Used in the dimming of light
- Used in the automotive industry
- Used in various displays
- Used in TV backlight