Which Master's course specializations in Computer Science best match my B.Tech background and 12 months of work experience, and what specific roles could I pursue after completing them?

A B.Tech gives you exposure to programming, data structures, databases and networks broadly enough that almost any Computer Science specialisation is technically open to you. The deciding factor isn't your degree at all, it's what specific problems your first year of work actually had you solving.

Mapping Your Year of Work to a Specialisation and Roles

Why AI/ML, Data Science and Data Engineering Are Different Jobs

• AI/ML: engineering and model-focused, centred on building and deploying a model that solves a defined problem.
• Data Science: analysis and business-problem focused, centred on what the data shows and whether a model can inform a decision.
• Data Engineering: infrastructure-focused, centred on reliably collecting, transforming and serving data at scale.

My Advice

In my experience, one year of experience is just enough to build a coherent story if you choose deliberately, and just enough to look scattered if you chase whatever specialisation is currently fashionable. Write down exactly what you did this past year, in tools and tasks, and pick the specialisation that continues that story rather than one that sounds more impressive on paper.