Is an IELTS or TOEFL score mandatory, and what is the minimum required score for a Master's?

Yes, in almost every case you will need to submit an IELTS or TOEFL score for a Master's abroad, unless your profile qualifies for a specific waiver. Your exact target score depends on the university's ranking and your chosen field, so it is worth checking this early so you are not scrambling for a retake close to your deadline.

Minimum IELTS and TOEFL Scores by University Tier

When You Might Not Need One

• You completed a previous degree at an institution where English was the sole medium of instruction.
• You hold citizenship of a recognised English-speaking country such as the USA, UK, Canada, Australia, or New Zealand.
• Your target university accepts an alternative like the Duolingo English Test or PTE Academic instead.
• Note that competitive fields such as law, journalism, business, or literature usually push requirements higher, often IELTS 7.5 or TOEFL 100 plus, regardless of the university's general tier.

My Advice

Do not assume you are exempt just because your medium of instruction was English. Get a written confirmation of the waiver policy from your shortlisted university's admissions office before you skip the test, and if you are anywhere near a competitive field, book your IELTS or TOEFL slot at least three months before your application deadline so you have room for a retake if your first score falls short.